beginning reading and writing Spanish strand TEKS talk image

Knowledge and Skills Statement

Developing and sustaining foundational language skills: listening, speaking, reading, writing, and thinking--beginning reading and writing. The student develops word structure knowledge through phonological awareness, print concepts, phonics, and morphology to communicate, decode, and spell.

Dé a los estudiantes una oración para que la separen en palabras. Los estudiantes pueden usar varias formas de separación de las palabras, incluyendo las siguientes:

  • Sonando una campanita por cada palabra
  • Haciendo un movimiento ellos mismos por cada palabra (tocarse la cabeza, saltar, etc.)
  • Aplaudiendo por cada palabra
  • Levantando un dedo por cada palabra

Ejemplos de oraciones:

  • Me gusta jugar juegos.
  • Estoy en kindergarten.
  • Nos estamos divirtiendo.
  • Yo tengo cinco años.
  • Eres mi mejor amigo.
Phonological awareness is the ability to detect and manipulate the sound structures of spoken language, including recognizing differently sized sound parts (e.g., phrases, words, syllables, phonemes) and manipulating those parts (i.e., blend, segment, delete, add, and change).
Habilidad para reconocer y pronunciar los sonidos ligados a las letras que lleva a poder identificar y pronunciar sílabas y posteriormente palabras.

Research

Baker, S. K., Beattie, T., Nelson, N. J., & Turtura, J. (2018). How We Learn to Read: The Critical Role of Phonological Awareness. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education, Office of Elementary and Secondary Education, Office of Special Education Programs, National Center on Improving Literacy. Retrieved from https://improvingliteracy.org/brief/how-we-learn-read-critical-role-phonological-awareness

Summary:  Phonological awareness involves being able to recognize and manipulate the sounds within words. This skill is a foundation for understanding the alphabetic principle and reading success. There are several ways to effectively teach phonological awareness to prepare early readers, including: 1) teaching students to recognize and manipulate the sounds of speech, 2) teaching students letter-sound relations, and 3) teaching students to manipulate letter-sounds in print using word-building activities.